Parthian Graffiti

Dura Europos was a Greek, then Parthian, then Roman city on the western bank of the Euphrates River approximately 310 miles northwest of the Parthian capital of Ctesiphon on the Tigris. It was founded around 300 BCE by Seleucus I Read More …

The House of Suren

Surena, also known as Rustaham Suren, was a Parthian general during the first century BCE. He is best known for defeating the Romans, under the command of triumvir Marcus Licinius Crassus at the Battle of Carrhae in 53 BCE. According Read More …

The Records of the Grand Historian

German-American sinologist (expert in Chinese studies) Friedrich Hirth (b.1845-d.1927), wrote China and the Roman Orient: Researches into Their Ancient and Medieval Relations as Represented in Old Chinese Records in 1885. In his book, he cites The Records of the Grand Read More …

The Parthian Legislature

The Parthian legislature was a bicameral institution. “Camera” is Latin for “chamber” hence, bi-cameral = two chambers. (Not to be confused with “two camels”.) The “upper house” was essentially the royals, or royal family—the Arsacid dynasty. The “lower house” consisted Read More …

Was “His Star” Really a Star?

Or was it something supernatural–like an angel or the shekinah glory? John Chrysostom, (~349–407 CE) was a “notable Christian bishop and preacher from the fourth and fifth centuries in Syria and Constantinople.” He was famous for his eloquent public speaking Read More …

Pope Julius I, December 25th & the Magi

I recently watched a new YouTube video that briefly and quite inadequately discusses how we historically arrived at a December 25 birthday for Jesus of Nazareth.1 During the video, the host plays clips from a different video that challenges a Read More …